Duty of Care and Contractual Agreements in Architecture

Obligation of Care and Contractual Agreements in Architecture Area 1 Unmistakably clarify what specific prerequisites must be set up for a Contract to exist between two gatherings? For an agreement to exist between two gatherings there must be proof of three key standards. An aim between completely included gatherings to shape a lawfully restricting relationship. A thought (generally money related) for the understanding. The offer and acknowledgment of the expressed understanding. The aim of a legitimately restricting relationship from each gathering must be formal; an ethical commitment alone is lacking. All things considered, articles such The Memorandum of Agreement diagram the prerequisites of gatherings when proposing to enter an agreement. For an agreement to exist the guarantee must be enforceable with a thought. The gathering gives this deal who upholds the agreement. When a thought is given, all gatherings are brought into privity of agreement. The thought is chosen by the gatherings in question and the degree of ampleness is unessential, it must be offered and acknowledged for the consent to develop into an agreement. All things considered, a proposal without an acknowledgment is just a pre-authoritative understanding, not official in law. Regardless, for an agreement to exist all terms of the offer must be acknowledged and a thought gave. Be that as it may, there is no prerequisite for a composed report for most sorts of agreement. An oral agreement is lawfully restricting giving there has been acknowledgment of an offer. From a lawful angle, trouble can be stayed away from if narrative proof is given of an understanding. The four corners rule permits an agreement to be recorded and in this way is simpler to authorize in law. Clarify what is implied by the term Duty of Care and what are the suggestions upon the engineer? An obligation of care is a legitimate commitment in tort law forced on the Architect requiring they practice a standard of sensible consideration and industriousness while completing proficient work that could predictably hurt others. Any disappointment in an Architects obligation of care can bring about an activity in carelessness where they become at risk in tort law. Moreover, an obligation of care is additionally relevant in organization outside of any legally binding plan. It isn't necessitated that an obligation of care be characterized by law, in any case, it regularly creates through the law of custom-based law. In this regard, an obligation of care can be deciphered as a formalization of the implicit understanding and certain duties of the person towards others in the public eye. It is an ARB prerequisite that Architects stick to the built up measures of the calling and exercise due expertise, care and diligence,whilst doing proficient work inside concurred time spans and immediately. For an obligation of care to be penetrated, the accompanying must be valid: Damage must be sensibly predictable of the litigants lead. A relationship of vicinity between the litigant and the petitioner. It must be reasonable, just and reasonableto force obligation. Clarify the term Joint and Several Liability and how can it sway upon specific types of engineering Practice? Under Joint and Several Liability, a customer may seek after a commitment against any single gathering as though they were together at risk. The duty at that point goes to the litigants who must set up their particular rates of risk and money related installment. Hence, if an inquirer seeks after a solitary litigant and gets all the harms, that respondent should then seek after the different hostile gatherings to get commitments proportionate to a lot of obligation. Joint and Several risk is generally important in tort claims and regularly summoned in instances of carelessness. Modelers look to set up a reasonable and appropriately characterized concurrence with explicit reference to the comprehension and desires for the customer. These understandings give a guaranteed premise on which the commission can be embraced. Moreover, the picked type of arrangement will decide the constraint of the Architects obligation and responsibility. Engineers additionally look to constrain their hazard and obligation through their picked type of compositional practice. For Example, Limited Liability Partnerships and Companies can't be together or a few at risk with its individuals obligation dictated by their stakehold in the organization or shareholding in the organization. Clarify what is implied by the term Lean Construction. Lean development is a strategy for structuring creation frameworks to limit the time, exertion and material misuse of a venture to produce the most extreme measure of significant worth. The procedure itself is gotten from the lean creation framework inside the assembling business. It is key that the creation framework is structured through a coordinated effort of undertaking members (Client, Architect, Engineer, Contractor, Building Owner) at the soonest phases of the venture. It depends on the reason that ideal finishes influence the way to accomplish these closures, and that accessible methods will influence acknowledged finishes. The standards of Lean Construction are as per the following: Permit an incentive to stream by deliberately expelling obstructions to esteem creation and superfluous procedures that make no worth. Improvement of the framework through coordinated effort and efficient learning. Need on conveying the Client/End-client/Building Owners anticipated worth. Making Pull Production. The quest for flawlessness/consistent improvement, including everybody in the framework. Lean development supplements conventional development the executives by considering material and data stream, concentrating on the improvement of the creation frameworks esteem age. In this way, a task utilizing the Lean Construction strategy should: Convey most extreme usefulness. Advantage end-clients with the least ideal expense of possession. Dispose of the wastefulness and waste in the utilization of work and materials. Include pro providers in structure from the earliest starting point to accomplish reconciliation and buildability. Build up execution and improvement accomplishments by estimation. Utilize a solitary purpose of contact for compelling co-appointment and clear obligation. Clarify and characterize what is implied by a Letter of Intent. What are the conditions under which it might be given, what might be its destinations and what are the chief issues that it ought to contain? A Letter of Intent is an archive that traces an understanding between at least two gatherings before the understanding is settled. They look like composed agreements however are not legitimately authoritative for the gatherings in question. Nonetheless, letters of expectation can contain arrangements that are lawful restricting, for example, a pledge to haggle in accordance with some basic honesty, non-exposure understandings stop arrangements that guarantee selective exchange rights. It can likewise be deciphered as official on the off chance that it takes after a conventional agreement too intently. Accordingly, the letter of expectation is enforceable by the courts both as far as the compensation and the demonstration. Be that as it may, the letter of purpose isn't an agreement; rather it is a one-sided understanding in which one gathering affirms an aim to enter an agreement with another gathering. Above all, it must contain a guidance to act and affirmation of a thought as installment. Letters of goal are normally given to: Explain the idea of complex exchanges for the comfort of the gatherings in question. Give defends in the event of fallen arrangements. Formally proclaim intrigue or aim. Permit work to proceed immediately dependent on trust. Engineers fundamentally use letters of plan with the end goal of exchange. For instance, following the primary phase of delicate, a letter of expectation possibly gave to advise a contractual worker regarding their endorsement dependent on their proposition. The temporary worker would then be able to add to the plan before the second phase of offering by giving point by point pricings and a general structure cost. When the second phase of offering is finished, a proper agreement can be built up between the gatherings. What are the chief factors that decide the decision of a specific agreement structure? To decide the most fitting agreement structure, the Architect and customer should initially think about the needs of the task as far as time, cost and quality. These three variables are connected through an exchange off worldview: Time brings about expanded expense and diminished quality. Cost brings about expanded time and diminished quality. Quality outcomes in expanded expense and expanded time. They are completely related and between dependant. On the off chance that time is the need, at that point the obtainment technique must permit adequate chance to consider the entirety of the plan issues appropriately at the pre-contract stage. The customer is managed consistency and extra time can be spared by permitting the temporary worker to asset their own materials, powerful administration, ongoing arranging and covering point by point configuration stages with real development. Whenever cost is the need, at that point a money related breaking point must be built up that an agreement entirety can't surpass. Conviction of cost is dependant upon exhaustive plan, drawings and particular that precisely surveys cost at the delicate stage. In the event that quality is the need, the issue and level of value in the got done with building must be plainly characterized and built up from the beginning through a detail. Likewise, the proportion of value should likewise be characterized. The decision of agreement type is likewise legitimately identified with the picked sort of acquirement. Each kind of obtainment type utilizes standard agreement frames that are known and acknowledged by the business. Most engineers decide to utilize these standard structures as they are far reaching, address basic development circumstances and assess current legitimate choices. Factors, for example, the intricacy, size and generally estimation of the task may likewise educate the acquirement course or agreement type. In all circumstances the Architect as the lead advisor has the obligation to instruct the customer regarding the drawn out ramifications of their choices. Segment 2

There are No Failed Books 3 Ways to Save a Trunk Novel - Freewrite Store

There are No Failed Books 3 Ways to Save a Trunk Novel - Freewrite Store Today’s visitor post is by writer Jeff Somers. He has distributed nine books, including the Avery Cates Seriesâ of noir-sci-fi books from Orbit Books, the obscurely humorous wrongdoing novel Chum from Tyrus Books, and most as of late stories of blood enchantment and short cons in the Ustari Cycle.   At the point when Truman Capote kicked the bucket in 1984, he hadn’t distributed a significant work since irrefutably the great In Cold Blood in 1965. He’d delivered material, yes; primarily short stories and a few screenplays. A portion of that work had been exceptionally respected, however nothing on the scale and aspiration of In Cold Blood or Breakfast at Tiffany’s. Through the span of those two decades, Capote had changed from a dominatingly scholarly consider along with a general VIP, a man known for his gatherings, his hover of well known companions, his mind, and his TV appearances more than his composition. Be that as it may, Capote hadn’t been inactive. Indeed, in January 1966 he marked an agreement with Random House for another novel, accepting a $25,000 advance (about $200,000 in 2017 cash). The book proposition was yearning: A cutting edge revamping of Proust’s enormous In Search of Lost Time. Capote took a shot at the book (titled Answered Prayers) for the following twenty years, at times distributing parts from it, and renegotiating his agreement twice (getting a further $750,000 in 1969 and a guarantee of $1 million on the off chance that he at any point completed the book in 1980, cash he never observed). He once commented about the book â€Å"either I'm going to killâ it, or it will slaughter me,† and history shows who won that battle. The incomplete draft of the novel was distributed after death. There are numerous potential reasons why Capote couldn’t finish this novel. Perhaps his big name was excessively tempting and he lost his drive to make. Or on the other hand it may have been the response early sections got: Much of the book was a not at all subtle delineation of his high society companions and their exceptionally humiliating conduct, which cost him those companions something that Capote supposedly took hard. Or on the other hand perhaps it was only one of those books that all writers start and afterward haul around with them for a considerable length of time, even decades-once in a while their entire lives. We call them Trunk Novels-books that start off with so much guarantee, so much energy, and afterward continue to expend a huge number of words and enormous tracts of time while never combining into something looking like coherency. Each creator has at any rate one. The vast majority of us have a few.   Too Good To Even think about failing The issue with a Trunk Novel is there’s something there. A reason or an examination, a vitality, a test something that takes you back to it over and over despite the fact that you can never get it to work. You change, you scrap and begin once again, you recast it in various sorts, you attempt to take care of it and forget about it, yet you can’t. Also, regardless of whether you are in the end ready to set the book aside, would it be a good idea for you to? All things considered, you put a great deal of good work into it. A great deal of time, thoughts, and strong composition. Rather than deserting Trunk Novels, reevaluate them-here are three systems for getting them out of your trunk and into publishable shape without losing anything else of your rational soundness or valuable time. Technique 1: The Mashup On the off chance that you’ve got more than one Trunk Novel jumbling up your hard drive with its flawed pity, one driven yet conceivably splendid technique is to consolidate them. This requires a specific measure of cover as far as type and style, obviously (however it doesn’t must be an ideal match, the same number of types join brilliantly well-like sentiment and loathsomeness) and will most likely need a considerable amount of fix-up update, yet it can work. (Photograph by Erwan Hesry on Unsplash) The motivation behind why it works is straightforward: Many Trunk Novels have extraordinary stuff in them-and it’s regularly correlative stuff. One tale I was chipping away at for a considerable length of time had a strong plot, a great structure of occasions and thought processes, however it needed fascinating characters and rich depiction. A subsequent book, isolated from the first by quite a long while, had a cast of characters I cherished investing energy with, yet wandered through a plot that scarcely qualified. Taking the two and consolidating them brought about a solid novel that flew off the page. I haven’t sold that novel yet, however my operator is eager. Technique 2: Call It Once in a while you can become involved with the alleged â€Å"rules† of expert composition. One of those principles concerns the attractiveness of a novel, and indicates that so as to get any opportunity your novel needs to hit a specific word tally (80,000 words is generally the cited number, however you’ll hear minor departure from that). What's more, in this manner, were a million Trunk Novels conceived on the grounds that authors are hesitant to concede that what they’ve really composed is a novella or a short story. Journalists once in a while urgently attempt to transform works into books since they think novellas are difficult to sell, and short stories aren’t justified, despite all the trouble as far as cash or consideration. In any case, novellas are really simpler to sell nowadays than previously, on account of advanced stages that don’t truly care about word checks, and short stories have been having a Moment as expanding quantities of them are being adjusted into film and TV see Arrival, The Gray, and Total Recall-driving numerous operators to rethink the insight of authors investing energy and exertion on shorter works. (Photograph by Simson Petrol on Unsplash) Thus, on the off chance that you have a novel that’s been sitting in the Trunk for some time, consider whether the issue isn’t the story or the composition, however it’s size. Is it a novella or short story that you’ve been attempting to build up to novel size? Have a go at chopping it brutally down and see what you have. You may be amazed. Strategy 3: The Inversion Another approach to spare a Trunk Novel from blankness is to run a basic eye over your presumptions about the book. That underlying snapshot of motivation we experience is frequently incredible probably the best thing about being inventive is that surge of vitality when you have â€Å"the idea.† That power additionally consumes certain things into your mind, similar to who the primary or POV character ought to be, or the tone the story needs, or the exact pacing of the plot occasions. After some time, these transform into suspicions regardless of how regularly you assault the book fruitlessly, you never consider changing the bedrock of that underlying motivation. You become heedless to the potential outcomes offered by different characters who may be advanced or investigated, other elaborate decisions, or other third acts that go off in insane ways. (Photograph by Dardan Mu on Unsplash) The mystery ingredient in this methodology isn’t so much that you weren't right about everything from the earliest starting point, yet in the excitement of the obscure. When you’re prepared to concede that a book is a Trunk Novel, there’s a generally excellent possibility you’ve been over every scene, each line of discourse, and each unexpected development many, commonly. It’s recognizable, and nature breeds hatred and visual deficiency. You can’t see it any more. Changing something crucial about the book compels you into obscure domain, bringing back a portion of that electric buzz of revelation and uncovering new ways forward. With a book stuck in Trunk Mode, that can kick off the innovative procedure and get you over the end goal. Only one out of every odd novel can be spared, and composing an awful book is simply part of being an author yet on the off chance that you’ve got a novel that just won’t go discreetly into that dusty cabinet, consider attempting one of these strategies to protect it for the last time. All in all, what number of Trunk Novels would you say you are pulling around with you? Have you at any point figured out how to make one work? Inform us as to whether you did, and provided that this is true, how you did it!  Jeff Somers (www.jeffreysomers.com) started composing by court request as an endeavor to direct his inventive driving forces from building hereditary grotesqueries. He has distributed nine books, including theAvery Cates Series of noir-sci-fi books from Orbit Books (www.avery-cates.com) and theUstari Cycleseries of urban dream books. His short story â€Å"Ringing the Changes† was chosen for incorporation inBest American Mystery Stories 2006,his story â€Å"Sift, Almost Invisible, Through† showed up in the anthologyCrimes by Moonlight altered by Charlaine Harris, and his story â€Å"Three Cups of Tea† showed up in the anthologyHanzai Japan. He additionally expounds on books forBarnes and Noble andAbout.com and about the specialty of composing forWriter’s Digest, which will distribute his book on the art of writingWriting Without Rules in 2018. He lives in Hoboken with his significant other, The Duchess, and their felines. He thinks about jeans to consistent ly be discretionary.

If You Loved That Feminist Book, Read This One

If You Loved That Feminist Book, Read This One Around the time I interviewed Jessica Valenti for Book Riot, it occurred to me that we were experiencing  a renaissance in feminist books. After all, there I was, chatting with the woman who had published  Full Frontal Feminism  back when I was first starting to claim the word for myself. And now she had published another feminist memoir,  Sex Object.   Similarly, Andi Zeisler, the woman behind  Bitch  magazine, had just published  We Were Feminists Once,  a commentary on the recent trend of marketplace feminism. In fact, when I really thought about it, every feminist book Id devoured back in the late 90s and early 00s now had its own, modern day equivalent. How delightful! If you, like me, were coming into feminism during the blossoming of  Bitch  and  BUST  and Jennifer Baumgardner, and are looking for an updated infusion of feminist power, look no further. I have your classics, your nostalgia-reads, and your of-the-moment manifestas all covered. Betty Friedans  The Feminine Mystique  gave voice to womens dissatisfaction with their lot in life, while bell hookss  Feminism Is for Everybody  gave a primer on how feminism could help. Two years ago, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie took up the call with the slim  We Should All Be Feminists. Back in the day, I couldnt get enough of feminist anthologies, wherein the personal was shown to be political. Two that stand out in my mind are Barbara Findlens  Listen Up: Voices from the Next Feminist Generation  and Robin Morgans  Sisterhood Is Forever.  Recently, I was blown away by  The Feminist Utopia Project,  a mix of essays and short fiction. Rather than providing  a glimpse of feminism today, contributors instead created visions for the future. Nawal El Saadawis  The Hidden Face of Eve  spoke to the brutality occurring against women in the Muslim World, while Joan Morgans  When Chickenheads Come Home to Roost  was an accounting  for the modern black woman. Earlier this year, I read Rebecca Solnits  Men Explain Things to Me  and felt truly called to fight back against the war on women. Two years ago, Roxane Gay redefined the parameters of feminism for a new generation with her essay collection  Bad Feminist.  Way back when, black lesbian poet and feminist writer Audre Lorde was doing the same with  Sister Outsider,  her collection of essays and speeches. For glimpses of a life lived as a feminist activist, Susan Brownmillers  In Our Time  and Andrea Dworkins  Heartbreak  were enthralling. More recently, Molly Crabapples  Drawing Blood  had me similarly captivated. When I was in my early 20s, I was intimidated by Valentis  Full Frontal Feminism  but, still, it gave me a vision of a movement I could call my own. Earlier this year, when I read Alida Nugents  You Dont Have to Like Me,  I felt immediately that it could be similarly influential to a whole new crop of feminists-in-waiting. Susanna Kaysens  The Camera My Mother Gave Me  is a memoir of sexual pain. Emily Nagoskis more recent  Come As You Are  is a more research-based look at female sexuality and female sexual dysfunction, and was one of my favorite reads of 2015. Both books approach the medicalization of female sexuality in a frank and approachable way. Our Bodies, Ourselves  is the books I bought for myself as a young woman. Heather Corinnas  S.E.X.  is the book Ill be buying for my daughter. Theres a lot of sex in this list because thats what I write about on the regular. Just a heads up. ANYway. When  Moregasm  first came out (from the team at female-friendly sex shop Babeland), I felt it should be required reading in all sex ed classes. Erika Moens webcomic-turned comic book  Oh Joy, Sex Toy  scratches a similar itch. When I was young  and angsty, I ate up Andrea Seigels Like the Red Panda,  a  YA novel on depression and suicidal ideation. It made me feel understood. Earlier this week, I was blown away by Laurie Halse Andersons Speak,  which not only tackled teen depression but also sexual assault in a way that was heartbreaking and quietly funny and oh so true. Once upon a time, there was  Buffy  (I LOVE YOU BUFFY!). Now, Ive fallen completely head over heels for  Lumberjanes  and suddenly I am a regular reader of comics or something. Hardcore lady types FTW! Fed up with sexist depictions of women in comics, Trina Robbins created  Wimmens Comix,  a comics anthology by women, for women. Today, women everywhere have been inspired to embrace noncompliance because of Kelly Sue DeConnick and Valentine De Landros  Bitch Planet.  Comics for those who are woman enough to smash  the patriarchy. Heres hoping 2017 continues to deliver with smart, kick-ass books for both budding and fully realized feminists.

Reflection Of My Writing Process - 890 Words

Reflection of my Writing process People have many ways that they write. Some do a process of doing drafts so they can look through, edit and make the paper better. Others will just write a paper and turn it in. My process consist of starting with making a thesis. Then from the thesis I create the topic sentences for the topic at hand. The best way to write the essay in a good format and have good detail in the writing I would write a paragraph a day. By doing that process it allows me to get what is needed out on the paper so none of the paragraphs are mixing content and making the paragraphs less structured. This process not only makes writing essays less stressful while also getting the paper done quickly. The pros that come with this process is it makes for structure in the essay. When an essay are not properly structured the essay is all of over the place which just looks bad. My process also provides a quick way to complete an essay, and when completing a paper faster means a lo t more time to edit and read through and make any changes that need to be done. When the essay is given more time to be worked on it allows for the essay to be made a lot better when finally turned in. So when allowed to improve means for a better chance at a more impressive grade on the work. I personally enjoy doing this format of writing due to the fact that it is quick it make writing easier and over all makes writing less stressful. The cons of my writing process is that I do not alwaysShow MoreRelatedReflection About My Writing Process925 Words   |  4 Pages My writing process have improved thank you to my English 100 level class at Arizona Western College. I feel more confident with my writing style. At the beginning of the class I was very confused with the writing process and the steps to make an essay. 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The Value Of Personality And Values - 1199 Words

Personality and values†¦everyone has them. Each plays a crucial role that makes us unique and sets us apart from everyone else. Values are the foundation on which an individual’s personality sits. Values lie within a person’s core. It’s a belief system as to what is right, good, wrong, or bad, also known as ethics. Values have two attributes, content and intensity. Content defines the importance and intensity measures the importance and forms their value system. Values can be classified a little bit further. â€Å"Milton Rokeach created the Rokeach Value Survey. It consists of two sets of values, each containing 18 individual value items† (Robbins, 2013, p145). The first set is terminal values, which are the goals a person sets to accomplish during their lifetime. An example is living a healthy lifestyle. The second set is instrumental values, which are the actions a person takes to attain their terminal values. An example is personal discipline to exercise and eat healthy. Personality is a little more difficult to define. At best, it is â€Å"the measurable traits a person exhibits† (Robbins, 2013, p133). Personality is made up of perpetual characteristic patterns, of an individual’s emotions, behaviors, perceptions, and reactions to an array of events, one example being stress. Patterns such as aggressive, submissive, ambitious, and timid are called personality traits or attributes. The more frequently the traits arise in distinct situations, the more dominant theShow MoreRelatedMy Personality, Morals, And Values755 Words   |  4 PagesMy personality, morals, and values were greatly influenced by my mother and grandmother as they bestowed upon me two important life lessons; the power of forgiveness and the willingness to love. At a young age, I quickly learned that sometimes love can be portrayed through loss, sorrow, and the practice of disciplining our emotional selves. 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At Apple, there was independence and flexibility due to the rapidly changing business climate.  TheRead MoreWhy My Jungian Personality Type Is Well As My Values And Attitudes1206 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many things about me that can be explained. However, I will be discussing my Jungian personality type as well as my values and attitudes in the workplace. Furthermore, I will discuss how motivation, rewards, and attitude towards achievements influence my success in the workplace. Thus, allowing me to expand job variety and productivity. ï  ¡ Personality Insights My Jungian personality type is (E)xtrovert (N)intuitive (T)hinking (J)udging (ENTJ). I am a natural leader and that the bestRead MoreTechnology Exposed My Addictive Personality And Instilled The Value Of Quality Relationships968 Words   |  4 Pagesfriend, who happened to live right next to me. Luckily, we lived close to the park and would go on monkey bars and ride our bikes around all day. Those were the simple days, till I discovered technology. Technology exposed my addictive personality and instilled the value of quality relationships. Furthermore, it taught me to use digital media in moderation. In sixth grade I became more aware of myself, and focused on how I dressed and how others looked. That same year, I discovered cartoon networkRead MoreExploring The Personality Traits Of People Who Have Materialistic Values And Goals8413 Words   |  34 Pagesfor materialism go too far and actually interfere with our quality of life and our personal ethics or beliefs? When are people consumed by materialism? In this thesis, I will explore the personality traits of people who have materialistic values and goals, and how it affects self esteem, mood and identity, values, ethics, and spirituality. I will also discuss how people manage money and accept financial responsibility is often based on media and advertising. Media and advertising also affects spending

“Life of Pi” Analysis Free Essays

Life of Pi: The Importance of Storytelling What is the importance of storytelling? What are stories for? In the novel Life of Pi, Yann Martel considers these questions as he writes about a boy who survived in a lifeboat with a Bengal Tiger. Martel elaborates on the theme of storytelling as a coping mechanism. â€Å"That’s what fiction is about, isn’t it, the selective transforming of reality? The twisting of it to bring out its essence? † Martel writes this within the first few pages of the Life of Pi, and this idea is carried throughout the novel. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Life of Pi† Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now He goes into vivid detail of an unbelievable story of Pi and Richard Parker stranded on a life boat together, however it is not until part three that the reader learns that the story they first think to be true is in fact a fictionalized version of an animal-less story. Pi twists the reality of the last 227 days to cope with what has happened to him since the sinking of Tsimtsum. It is a more efficient way for Yann Martel to bring out the essence of Pi’s story through fiction. Martel twists the reality of the humanistic story to bring about the animalistic essence of Pi in a better light, and in this better light Pi is able to deal with the tragedy and be able to move past it. Pi also finds himself through religion or rather, three religions; Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism. He is guided by curiosity and through his fascination of God he learns many stories that guide his morals and actions throughout life. With this, Pi takes on many overwhelming issues and questions that he has to deal with. These religions use many variations of one Story to show other life lessons, and although the details contradict each other, Pi chooses to believe in their similar essence. In doing this, he is coping with and responding to his philosophical search. For example, when the three religious leaders meet, they begin to disagree. The Priest argues that Hinduism believes in multiple gods whereas his religion, Christianity, only believes in one, so therefore Hinduism should not be a religion Pi should practice. In response to the noisy quarrel in the street, Pi refutes, â€Å"All religions are true. I just want to love God. † Earlier in the novel, when Pi is atop the hill with Father Martin and hears an unpleasant story, he explains, â€Å"I asked for another story, one that I might find more satisfying. Surely this religion had more than one story in its bag—religions abound with stories. † Pi found the first story displeasing and to cope with this, he asks for another one. In the end, Pi turns it around and now questions Mr. Chiba and Mr. Okamoto, â€Å"So tell me, since it makes no factual difference to you and you can’t prove the questions either way, which story do you prefer? Which is the better story, the story with animals or the story without animals? † and they both state that the story with the animals was the better story. Through the storytelling of the adventures of Pi and Richard Parker, Martel shows a tragedy in a more human light because it is easier for one to cope with the hurt of a different living creature than it’s kin. Instead of sharing the horror of his mother’s head flying into his arms, Pi tells the Japanese officials of Orange Juice dying in a fight, because his mother is more important to him than an orangutan. Yann Martel uses symbolism in his novel within the prominent stories to convey the importance of storytelling. Martel wants to show that storytelling is a way of life for Pi, within his religions, and his tragedy. Pi is able to see religion in a more abstract and meaningful light, which he does in his tragedy as well. He uses this as a coping mechanism, so he may be able to understand the essence behind the reality of what happened to him and, to some extent, the significance of life. On a larger scale, Martel is saying that the importance of storytelling in general is to cope with the all encompassing question of the â€Å"meaning of life†. The stories of religion and faith try to tackle this question through the twisting of reality. Zooming in on a microscopic level of life, Martel shows that stories can help one cope with tragedy because hearing a â€Å"better† story can help one understand the more factual story. An altering of the truth can make the meaning of almost anything more understandable and bearable to explain or hear. How to cite â€Å"Life of Pi† Analysis, Essay examples

Jewish Synagogue experience

Table of Contents Introduction Jewish synagogue: A brief overview My experience at the synagogue during Sabbath Relevance of the Sabbath to Judaism Personal reflection and conclusion Works Cited Introduction The human race is characterized by its high level of variance exhibited in clothing, language, ideologies and religion to name but a few. This differences which are mostly as a result of cultural diversity and socialization are not only visible in our ways of life but also in the religious tenets that guide us.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jewish Synagogue experience specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through out time, man has engaged in the practice many religions each serving a specific purpose to its faithful. As a result, there are many religions through which various cultures attain their spiritual and moral bearings in a bid to bring themselves closer to a higher power (deity). The different religi ons are differentiated in terms of beliefs, customs and purpose and are similar in one way or the other. This paper shall set out to describe my personal experience at a Jewish synagogue. To this end, I shall explain a ritual that I observed and its impact on my life. In addition, I shall highlight various aspects that I found intriguing at this place of worship. Considering that I am not Jewish, I shall also reflect on how the congregation treated me during the service. Jewish synagogue: A brief overview According to Rich, the Jewish community goes to the synagogue for prayers, Torah readings and teachings (1). These practices act as replacements for the ritual sacrifices practiced by Jews of older days. The synagogue has three main functions: firstly, it is a beit tefilah; which means a house of prayer. In Judaism, group prayers play an integral part in strengthening faith. The synagogue presents the followers with an avenue through which this practice can be observed. Secondly, t he synagogue is also a house of study where Jewish children are taught about their religion, culture and moral practices. This process is commonly known as the bat mitzvah. Thirdly, like most places of worship, the synagogue acts as a social gathering place where various social and charity events can be held. My experience at the synagogue during Sabbath A few weeks ago, I visited a Jewish place of worship called Temple Sinai which is located in Summit, New Jersey. My main aim was to observe a ritual that is commonly practiced by the Jewish community (the Sabbath prayers held on Friday evenings). Considering that I was from a different religion and that this was my first time to enter a synagogue, I did not know what to expect. However, the little research I had done on this religion gave my some clues on how to behave and what the experience ought to be like (especially to a visitor).Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your fi rst paper with 15% OFF Learn More This synagogue practices Reform Judaism. This means that they welcome innovation in their religious practices all the while preserving the traditions that founded the religion (Temple Sinai, New Jersey 1). Upon entry into the synagogue, I received a warm welcome from members of the congregation. I was offered a small round cap familiarly known as a yarmulke. The main purpose of this cap was to show respect to God and the place of worship. As I came to learn, all men and women are expected to cover their heads while at the synagogue. After wearing the cap, I was directed to a sit on the front rows. The portion of the synagogue where prayer rituals are held is known as a sanctuary and it is located at the front of the synagogue facing Jerusalem. The set up within the synagogue was most intriguing. There were some salient items which as I later learnt were not part of the dà ©cor, but significant attributes to the religious rituals held at th e synagogue. Key among them was an Ark which resembles a cabinet and holds the Torah scrolls (Holy Scriptures). In fact, the Ark is commonly known as the Aron Kodesh which translates to the â€Å"holy cabinet†. Slightly above the ark, there was a lamp (ner tamid). â€Å"This lamp symbolizes the commandment to keep a light burning in the Tabernacle outside of the curtain surrounding the Ark of the Covenant (Rich 1)†. Finally, there was a pedestal commonly referred to as the bimah onto which the torah scrolls are placed when they are being read (BBC 1). The prayers that were cited were very methodical. Every time the scrolls were retrieved or returned to the Ark, all congregants were supposed to stand. In addition, I noticed that the curtains inside the Ark could be opened or closed in some prayers. This I came to learn was an honor given to members of the congregation. Similarly, English translations of the prayers and citations were made available. As such, a visitor c ould easily follow on the proceedings without the feeling of segregation or isolation. Relevance of the Sabbath to Judaism The Sabbath is among the commonly celebrated events in Jewish communities. The purpose of this celebration is to remind the Jewish community that everything that the earth provides is indeed gifts that God has presented to them. As such, Friday evenings are spent welcoming the Sabbath through prayers, blessings and feasts. The prayers that I attended are part of the rituals that are practiced during this ritual. This means that there are other rituals practiced during Sabbath. However, the prayers at the synagogue presents the congregants with an opportunity to pray together, discuss various scriptures and get valuable teachings form their rabbi.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jewish Synagogue experience specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Personal reflection and conclusion This experience was very insightful to me. Despite the fact that I attended the service out of curiosity, I was surprised to find that I actually learnt something. To begin with, the level of organization as exhibited by the congregants was impressive. Each member new their roles and they executed them perfectly. Their attentiveness, mannerisms and respect for their place of worship was also very admirable. In a sense, I felt the presence of God in the synagogue. By participating in the prayers, I felt at peace and thankful for what I had. People always take life for granted and in most cases forget to give thanks to God for what they have achieved. This experience was a wakeup call for me. This is especially so in regard to the fact that we often forget to thank God in wealth and only as for his assistance during hardships. Similarly, I was surprised to find out that there are some similarities between Judaism and Christianity. In both religions, some prayers are cited in unison. In addition, the lig hting of the candle is symbolic in both religions. Finally, praying together is equally important to both religions. On the other hand, there were some notable differences. The covering of the congregants’ heads is not as important to Catholics as it is to Jews. In addition, the sharing and breaking of bread in the catholic is done in the church (Sacrament) while the Jews do that in their homes. Despite our differences in modes of worship, we all seek to find spiritual fulfillment from our religions. It would therefore be a worthwhile endeavor if we could embrace the common aspects in our religions and tolerate the differences. This would in the end, ensure a harmonious coexistence within the human race. Works Cited BBC. The synagogue. 13 August, 2009. Web. http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/judaism/worship/synagogue_1.shtml Rich, Tracy. Synagogues, Shuls and Temples. 2001. Web. http://www.jewfaq.org/shul.htm Temple Sinai, New Jersey. What is Reform? 2011. Web. https://w ww.templesinainj.org/Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Jewish Synagogue experience was written and submitted by user Talon A. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

great expectations mood essays

great expectations mood essays In the first three paragraphs of chapter three in Great Expectations, Charles Dickens uses mostly similies to present a mood of extreme guilt and fear of being caught, but also a little personification is used to describe the dampness. The diction that Dickens chose to use mainly consists of repitition of certain words, which brings more emphasis to the word itself, and the word itself establishes the mood and also the tone.The repitition of the word "round" is used for a particular purpose. "One black ox, with a white cravat on...fixed me so obstinately with his eyes, and moved his blunt head round in such an accusatory manner as I moved round, that I blubbered out to him, 'I couldn't help it, sir! It wasn't for myself I took it!' " Round means circular, and when you circle someone you are singling them out. Pip feels that the ox is singling him out as a thief, and, not realizing the ox doesn't know what he has done, he responds with his excuse. In paragraph three, Pip states, "...I couldn't warm my feet, to which the damp cold seemed riveted, as the iron was riveted to the leg of the man I was running to meet." Dickens chose to repeat the word riveted in order to set up an analogy between Pip's cold feet and th e prisoner's iron shackes. The two are similar because they both hinder movement, though neither are successful. Dickens used figurative language in the form of similies to convey the tone and mood by comparing Pip's thoughts and feelings to what is happening in actuality. Feeling guilty and afraid, Pip exclaims, "The gates and dikes and banks came bursting at me through the mist, as if they cried as plainly as could be, 'A boy with somebody else's pork pie! Stop him!' " This simile shows that Pip thinks in his mind that he'll get caught for sure. He imagines that the shapes appearing through the fog as he gets near enough to see them are denouncing him a thief and calling authorities to the area. In the first paragr...

How to Ask for Directions in Italian

How to Ask for Directions in Italian Michelangelos Sistine Chapel is around the corner. Or so you thought the sign said until you ended up lost and without any idea how to get where you wanted to be. Avoid missing the highlights of Italy with these simple phrases and keywords for asking for directions in Italian. Vocabulary Let’s start with some must know vocabulary words. Some of the most common words you’ll encounter are: Andare - To goCamminare - To walkGirare - To turnFermare - To stopDiritto (dritto) - StraightA destra - RightA sinistra - LeftNord - NorthSud - SouthOvest - WestEst - EastVicino - CloseLontano - Far When giving directions in Italian, the Imperative mood is used. For the most common verbs listed above, the Imperative mood  is as follows: Andare – (tu) VAI/va’, (lui, lei, Lei) vada, (voi) andateCamminare – (tu) cammina, (lui, lei, Lei) cammini, (voi) camminateGirare – (tu) gira, (lui, lei, Lei) giri, (voi) girateFermare – (tu) ferma, (lui, lei, Lei) fermi, (voi) fermate Besides this keyword vocabulary, it is also important to know how to describe where something can be found. In English these types of directions would translate to, â€Å"The bar is around the corner† or â€Å"It is in front of the market.† Phrases In Italian instead, you want to use these descriptive directional phrases: Vicino a - Close to / near / nearbyDietro a - BehindAll’angolo con - At the corner ofDavanti a (di fronte a) - In front of / across fromAll’incrocio con - At the intersection ofAccanto a - Next to Additionally, the following sentences are worth memorizing and will ensure you get the right directions every time. Mi sono perso/a, Lei puà ² aiutarmi? - I am lost, can you help me?Cerco†¦ - I am looking for†¦   Ã‚     - Il teatro - The theater   Ã‚     - La stazione - The train station   Ã‚     - Il supermercato - The supermarket   Ã‚     - Un ristorante - A restaraunt   Ã‚     - Un bagno - A bathroom   Ã‚     - L’aeroporto - The airport Quantà ¨ lontano a...? - How far is it to...Dove sono i gabinetti? - Where is the bathroom? (polite way to ask in a public place)Dovà ¨ il bagno? - Where is the bathroom?Posso usare il bagno, per favore? - Can I use the bathroom, please?Me lo puà ² indicare sulla mappa/cartina, per favore? - Can you show me on the map, please? Typical responses to requests for directions include: A destra - RightA sinistra - LeftVicino - NearLontano - FarGira a - Turn toIl primo/la prima a destra - First on the rightIl secondo/la seconda a sinistra - Second on the left Some more handy tips: Often times, when asked where something is, Italians will answer â€Å"Vada sempre diritto!†   It means Straight ahead!One kilometer (or un chilometro in Italian) 0.62 miles.If you cant find what youre looking for, enjoy what youve found. Sometimes when traveling, the best experiences happen serendipitously.

The Formation of Channel and Floodplain Habitats Essay

The Formation of Channel and Floodplain Habitats - Essay Example The abundance of LW in stream channels is an indication of the intimate association of river ecosystems with the surrounding terrestrial environment (Naiman and Bilby 1998, Naiman and Dà ©camps 1997). Understanding this relationship is crucial in river basin management. Large wood abundance in the watershed depends on channel size, channel type, and the surrounding riparian forest. LW is more abundant in small channels on a per unit area basis because LW is easily transported in larger channels; it follows that whilst abundance in large channels is lower, the average LW sizes are bigger (Bilby and Ward 1989). LW is also more abundant where the stream channel is unconstrained and has fine substrate compared to constrained channels with boulder substrate (Bilby and Wasserman 1989). Moreover, LW is more abundant in forests where conifers are dominant compared to forests where hardwoods are dominant because conifers are larger making them less transient (Harmon et al., 1986). The abundance of LW is also more pronounced where the forest is mature than in forest dominated by young stands of small hardwoods (Bilby and Ward 1991). Woodland river ecosystems in their natural and pristine conditions are surrounded by riparian forest and have multiple channels. Over the years, the anthropogenic disturbance has greatly reduced riparian forest cover, the topography graded for agricultural purposes, and rivers were constrained by levees into a single channel (Caroll & Robinson, 2007; Florsheim & Mount, 2002). Other than forest denudation, this also has deleterious effects on the morphological development of stream and the stream biota.  

Paper 1 about Chinese media industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Paper 1 about Chinese media industry - Essay Example As markets in Western and Eastern economies opened up, various countries in Asia, including Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore, and Hong Kong took advantage of expanding export markets to strengthen their economies. It was in this context that the Chinese state Under Deng Xiaoping decided to institute market reforms, specifically to make their socialist policies more competitive in an increasingly global economy (Harvey, 2005). Neo-liberal influences were mostly driven by economic stagnation and unemployment in Western countries, which necessitated a new system that diverged from the state interventionist policies introduced under the American New Deal of the 1930s. Under the neo-liberal theories that came to dominate global economics thinking in the 70s and 80s, state intervention in markets was greatly discouraged with the expectations that self-regulating markets were the best way to tackle economic stagnation (Selden, 1993). It was within this context of a neo-liberal revolution in Western economies that Chinese market and media reforms began. Increasingly, China’s integration with the global economy, which was based on neo-liberal theories, supported by free market Western economies, necessitated reforms in the allocation market economy supported by China under the previous Mao regime. When China finally opened up its markets to the global economy, there was a dramatic inflow of FDI and the sta te began to openly support moves towards market freedom (Selden, 1993). This meant that China started to experience similar effects to its economy as the neo-liberalized global economy, which increased the capitalization of China’s elites in comparison to its ordinary citizens (Zhao, 1998). The historical context within which media and market reforms took place in China mainly had to do with the Communism vs. Capitalism debate, which characterized relations between Western economies and Eastern economies. Media reforms also took place within this

The Tourists Accessibility And Their Disabilities

The Tourists Accessibility And Their Disabilities Impairments are the reality of life that sooner or later each person will be experiencing this in some point of a persons life particularly during the elderly stage of an individual. Serving the disabled individuals is not something that comes naturally to most people. This chapter has been divided into three parts which are the accessible tourism, museum and disabled visitors and disabled person. To give an overview of what and who are the visually impaired individuals, a section of this report will discuss about a visual impairment. Furthermore, in this chapter, a brief overview of two museums and two galleries will be tackled in this chapter. The two museums are British Museum and National Maritime Museums while the two galleries are the National Gallery and the Tate Modern Gallery. According to Macfarlane (1996 cited in Barnes, 1991), for over a hundred years, disability has represented a culturally embedded and socially accepted form of oppression against disabled people. Furthermore, a disability may be physical, cognitive, sensory, emotional and or developmental. Also, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO, 2010), the term disability is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitation is a difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or actions; while a participation restriction is a problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations. In addition, Disability Discrimination Act (DDA, 1995) defines disability as a physical or mental impairment which has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on a persons ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities. Moreover, according to Shaw and Coles (2003), disability is the loss or limitations of opportunities to take part in the normal life of the community on an equal level with others, due to physical and social barriers. On the other hand, Shaw and Coles (2003) define impairment as the functional limitation within the individual caused by mental or sensory impairment. As mentioned above, disabled individuals faces different barriers which holds them back in participating in such activities like travelling. Nevertheless, a number of disabled persons do not consider themselves as a person with disability to a certain extent. Some of disabled people prefer to be independent in nature and associate disability with passivity and dependence qualities (Barnes, 1996). In most cases, a person with disability likes better to travel with their friends and or family members. According to Yau, et al (2004: 958), the process of being a traveller with a disability can be complex, requiring personal initiative, the need to accurately evaluate ones own capabilities as well as the ability to collect reliable information, manage the trip, manage oneself and take stock to reflect experiences. Nevertheless, the experience of the traveller with disability is completely different from the experience of the other travellers without disability. Disabled travellers may have an uneven experience as the facilities being offered are not enough most especially for the other impairment such as for visually impaired individual. Even so, it is logical to note that the majority of the travellers, whether they are disabled or not, are expected to experience some form of barriers during their time of travel. A qualitative work was undertaken in Hong Kong, proposed The Model of Tourism and Disability to facilitate an understanding of the multifaceted interaction amid disability, tourism and the environmental context (Packer et al, 2007). A model of tourism and disability included three key components: The process of becoming and remaining travel active The personal and or disability context; and The environmental and or travel context (Packer et al, 2007) The model of tourism and disability tells that the relationship involving the process of becoming travel active and the environmental context are autonomous with each influencing the other (Packer et al. 2007). In travelling there is always a positive and negative outcome of travel experience. A negative travel experience could be the poor quality of service or the destination being inaccessible. Furthermore, these could result on the decrease in numbers of tourist in tourism market. Nevertheless, a positive outcome of travel experience is likely to result on a repeated visits and increasing the tourism market. 2.2.1 Visual Impairment Visual impairment is one of the types of disability. Generally, not all the individuals with visual impairment are completely blind. In 2002, the World Health Organisation (WHO) had estimated that there were more than 161 million people globally who were visually impaired. In which 37 million are blind and 124 million of whom had low in vision (WHO, 2004). At the same time, World Health Organisation (WHO) noted that the ageing of the global population and the age-related nature of visual impairment was driving global changes in the epidemiology of vision loss (WHO, 2004). In which at the present time, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO), there are about 314 Million people who are visually impaired worldwide and 45 million are blind. In addition, most of the visually impaired individuals are living in a developed city. Furthermore, according to Open University (2010), there are between one and half and two million people who are visually impaired in UK. Subsequently, most cases of visually impaired are also considered hidden disability (Open University, 2010). In tourism, disability is a neglected subject within tourism enquiry and cognate fields (Aitchison, 2009 cited in Richards et al, 2010). According to Royal National Institute of Blind People (RNIB, 2010), visual impairment may be extremely different from person to person and that there are relatively some aspects that could support and help the blind or the partially sighted individuals to enjoy and have fun on a holiday. In addition, a lot of older visually impaired individuals may as well suffer on other disabilities, for instance, mobility and or hearing difficulties. According to The Council for Museums Archives and Libraries (2001), every person with a visual impairment is different in terms of the nature of their visual limitation and their expectations and requirements. Most of the visually impaired individuals use their other sense of smell, hearing, taste and the sense of touch in order for them to feel the surroundings that they are into. On the other hand, some of the visually impaired have a difficulty in imagining an actual object. Furthermore, visually impaired people are considered as a potential market in tourism industry. In UK there are about 1.97 million adults who are visually impaired (The Council for Museums Archives and Libraries, 2001). Additionally, according to The Council for Museums Archives and Libraries (2001), 82 percent of visually impaired in UK have low visions, 90 percent are aged over sixty and approximately 75 percent of visually impaired can read large prints. In most cases, partially sighted and the blind people travel with their friends and families and there is a bigger chances that will return on the places where offers a good facilities and provides good services (RNIB, 2010). 2.3 Accessible tourism More individuals enjoy the opportunity to travel. Visiting the attractions is one of the foremost activities in tourism. On the other hand, travellers face many barriers during travelling such as getting information, accommodation and or problems in getting around at their chosen destinations. On the contrary, not most of the tourists are capable of participating in such doings that this industry could offer. Subsequently, most destinations offer a friendly environment although not to every visitors. Disabled people may be a significant market segment for the tourism industry. However, many tourism sites are not well suited to serve disabled tourist. Like, for the disabled visitors, convenience of a particular destination is essential. In almost all cases of a destination, the facilities being offered for the disabled person are limited. Accessible tourism benefits everyone. According to Darcy (2006, p: 4 cited in Darcy and Dickson, 2009), accessible tourism is defined as a process of enabling people with disabilities and seniors to function independently and with equity and dignity through the delivery of universal tourism products, services and environments. Furthermore, Tourism New South Wales (Darcy and Dickson, 2009), noted that accessible tourism is about making it easy for all people to enjoy tourism experiences. Accessibility is a necessary element for every days existence. Neither, the privilege to travel and take pleasure in all the good destinations is for every individual. Tourism desires an access to almost the whole thing that a destination has to offer. At present, the consumers demands are gradually changing. Consequently, tourism is considered as one of the fastest growing industry. Nevertheless, this industry could serve as an instrument in promoting a barrier free circumstance for the individuals with disabilities. It will be an efficient means of furthering the equality for the disabled individuals that could lead to barrier free. Each individual has the opportunity to travel and benefit from the surrounding of their chosen destinations. According to Darcy (2007, p:74), a justly accessible tourism product will lessen or eliminate physical, attitudinal, information, financial and other barriers that make the tourism experience less accessible to people with disabilities. Furthermore, an accessible tourism should be made easier for all people, irrespectively of their age, gender and or physical status, in order to enjoy their tourism experiences. According to Tourism New South Wales (2005, cited in Darcy and Dickson, 2009), Easy Access Market is define as: Any segment within the tourism market that prefers accessing tourism experiences with ease. This people with disability, including those with physical and sensory disabilities, will find it easier to access tourism facilities where there is a continuous pathway and tactile surfaces and clear signage. As accessibility plays an imperative role in tourism, not everyone could have the access to their designated destinations. Even though, still this industry attracts a numbers of tourist at all times. On the other hand, accessibility generates barriers in some particular persons such as the disabled individuals. Subsequently, people with disabilities have also the rights to partake and benefit from the community as the same quality of life of the people without disabilities. Nonetheless, people with disabilities travel less due to the lack of facilities of the tourism industry. In general, the provisions that tourism industry offers to the disabled persons are commonly for the mobility impaired individuals. Furthermore, due to the increasing facilities for the disabled most especially for the individuals who have mobility impairment, tourism has widened the amenities for these types of tourist. Due to these facilities, other disabled persons travel and participate less. In contrary to that, there are some increasing numbers of disabled individuals who set off for travel mostly for physically impaired individuals only. In addition, this industry should require having an amenities and facilities that could do well to every tourist. Given the fact that most of the facilities for the disabled are for wheel chaired person, it is more convenient for them to participate in leisure activities compared to visually impaired people. Among all the types of disabled individuals, visually impaired might not be able to be pleased about the picturesque view, on the other hand, they could still have a pleasant journey on some other way. All the same, these types of tourist could still feel, hear, smell and touch. Likewise, there are an increasing numbers of disabled people and most of them are engaging in travel. In addition, the increase in the demands of the mobility access for the disabled is in high demands at the present. In some point, the amenities that are being offered are for the mobility impaired visitors. Visually impaired travellers have a lesser numbers compared to the wheel chaired persons. Currently, the common facilities that tourism has to offer for the visually impaired tourist are the guide dogs, audio descriptions for some exhibits and Braille. Increasingly the tourism industry is able to offer improved products and services. While physical accessibility is an essential component of inclusion, it has a long been recognised that successful inclusion also requires social acceptance by others (Schwartz, 1988). According to Page and Connell (2006, p: 76), contemporary literature recognises that access is not only about buildings; a truly accessible environment is one in which a person with disability can freely express their independence, and one in which any impediment to integration is removed. Moreover, according to Page and Connell (2006), in United Kingdom, Visit Britain operates the National Accessible Scheme, which assists accommodation operators in making their products more accessible with standards for visual and physical impairments. Moreover, the Disability Discrimination Act (1995), in the UK places a responsibility on all public and private organisations to make services full accessible to disabled persons (Page a nd Connell, 2006). According to Timothy and Crispin (2006, p: 4), each year, in countries throughout the world, millions up on millions of people visits museums. Additionally, there is an increase of all kinds of museums all over the countries. In addition, the numbers of potential visitors are increasing due to the growing interest in their collections and their works. In some cases, a number of destinations such as museums have already established a friendly surrounding for their visually impaired visitors by providing an audio sound service. Moreover, in some museums, they had already provided the touching for the display objects for these types of visitors. According to Urry, (2002, p: 256), touching the objects on the display is an alternative sense, makes the objects tacky and corroded so they no longer remain visually and physically the same. Also, disabled individuals have the right to obtain the same benefits from museums as others are obtaining. Travel by people with disabilities happens regardless of the presence of numerous discouraging barriers (Darcy, 1998; Lipp 2003, cited in Packer, et.al, 2008). On the other hand, while they look for the same or similar travel experiences to other travellers, travellers with disabilities are likely to experience extremely different and uneven tourism experiences. In spite of all this, people with disabilities still retain their eagerness for travel and want to travel. A person travelling with a disability can be complex, according to Yau et al (2004) it requires a personal initiative, the need to accurately evaluate ones own capabilities, as well as the ability to collect reliable information, manage oneself and take the stock to reflect. The mentioned are considered the process of travelling with disability. It is reasonable to note that all travellers, whether they have a disability or not, are likely to experience some form of barriers to participation while travelling. Moreover, a person without disabilities thinks the barriers as just an occurrence. On the other hand, a person with disabilities dealing with the barriers during their travel is a challenging task. It is regrettable that travellers with disability may encounter or experiencing a tourism market place that does not cater and or give their needs as it does to travellers without disabilities. Imagine that this is the reason why people with disabilities participate less in travel and tourism. 2.4 Museum and disabled visitors Individuals with a sight problem can face a lot of barriers when visiting a museums and or galleries. Museum displays, whether picturesque arrangements of beautiful things or chronological narratives of a developmental process are involved in scopic forms of understanding (Hetherington, K. 2002). On the other hand, there are some displays that at times seen as discriminatory for some visitors. Furthermore, building an access in a museums or galleries for every individual is a part of the obligation to the community. In addition, a museum or gallery which are accessible to every person attracts more visitors. Most of visitors are pleased about museums and galleries as a place where they can extend their experience and also to have an enjoyment on societal circumstance. Museums have expanded in multiplicity and burst in popularity over the last few decades. Millions of people every year visit a museum. Moreover, every museum attracts a variety of visitors. According to Dr. Johnsons 1755 dictionary (cited in Yale, 1998:33) a museum was simply a repository of learned curiosities. The Museums and Galleries Commission currently defines a museum as an institution which collect, documents, preserves, exhibits and interprets material evidence and associated information for the public benefit (cited in Yale, 1998:33). Furthermore, according to the International Council of Museums (2005 cited in Sandell, 2007:2), a museum have unique potential for addressing and fostering cultural understanding in interdisciplinary ways. It is known that a museum is a collection of antiques or historical materials that has been used during a significant event during earliest times. Furthermore, a museum broadens the knowledge of its visitors. In most cases, the public is the one benefitted on what the museums could provide and do. According to Ambrose and Paine (2006), it is only when the museums public is thoroughly understood that the museum can effectively responding to the publics needs and requirements through services. It is stated in Museums Associations definition (1998 cited in Disability Directory for Museums and Galleries, 2001) that Museums enable people to explore collections for inspiration, learning and enjoyment. They are institutions that collect, safeguard and make accessible artefacts and specimens which they hold in trust for society. Museums are for everyone this includes the disabled people. A museum visitor comes in all ages of any gender, social status and with or without disability. A museums market can be thought of as the overall social and economic context within which the museum operates. All museums operate within a market and all provide a supply of services that meet a market demand. According to Ambrose and Paine (2006), internationally, there is for example a growing critical awareness of the political nature of museums and their historic role in maintaining the cultural values of elite or privileged groups ins society. A museums visitor expects more on what the museums could offer. Disabled visitors must be accommodated in the museums. On the other hand, accessibility in the museums is less for most cases of disabled groups. Furthermore, the needs of each disabled individual may vary on their types of disability and there may be an inconsistency with one another. In addition, in some cases the needs of the disabled community may alter rapidly upon their visits. According to Majewski and Bunch (1998, cited in Sandell, 2007), there are three distinct tiers of disability access that museums should address in order to meet the needs of their audiences and these are: a) Access to the exhibitions physical elements, b) Access to exhibitions content; and c) The access that describes the representation of disabled people and the inclusion of disability-related narratives and interpretation within exhibitions. (Majewski and Bunch, 1998 cited in Sandell, 2007: 146-147). Moreover, access to the museums and galleries should also take into consideration the architectural structure of the building, the parking spaces for the disabled and on how to get to the museums and galleries. Likewise, if the museum or gallery is a massive place, a map and signages will be helpful for these types of visitors. Museums facilities and services for people with mobility impairment are highly developed compared to with people with sensory difficulties such as the visually impaired visitors. Now a day, sensory approaches are common in some museums. A museum plays a major role in communal change. According to the Walters (2001), disability is viewed as being part of diversity, something that is not always the case. Furthermore, disabled people are considered a potential visitor in museums. According to Walter (2009), in order to include disabled visitors, museums should adopt and understand the social model of disability. Social model of disability does not deny impairments or any medical needs that arises from impairments (Walter, 2009). Through this social model of disability, museums will not take the disabled visitors as a problem, to a certain extent they will create a way to welcome and accommodate them in their museums. Access in the museums for disabled visitors should be considered in the broadest sense. Access is not just about providing lifts, toilets, spacious corridor and or parking spaces for the disabled. Access should also include the information and better access to the exhibits inside the museums. Furthermore, improvement of access should include sensory, physical, intellectual, cultural as well as the financial access in the museums. In addition, a disabled person prefers to be independent but most of the time needs help in some certain things most especially for visually impaired as they have low in visions and in some cases they are partially blind. According to the Disability Directory for Museums and Galleries (2001), nearly two million people have some form of visual impairment, but most blind people or 82 percent have some residual vision that they use to have good effect and many people who could register as blind do not do so. Also, visually impaired people make and appreciate art, according to Walter (2001). In addition, if a visually impaired visitor visits museums, in most cases they need a multi-sensory exploration of an object, signage printed in large image or fonts and audio format description for objects in order to enhance their visit experience. In some museums and galleries, it is allowed to have guide dog for the visitors who have vision impairment. Walter (2001) emphasise the needs of the people with visual impairments. According to Walter (2001), visually impaired individual needs accessible information in a range of alternatives formats, a tactile signs or diagrams and an audio-information. Moreover, the museums staffs needs to have training in handling a visitor with visual impairment. A museum with a well trained staff could understand more the needs of the visually impaired visitors. A visually impaired visitor is not completely blind. In most cases they could see but only blurred vision and some could only recognise large font of prints. 2.4.1 Museums and Galleries In order to establish a basic abstract structure to be use in this research project, the review will now be set out to be aware of the background of two museums and two galleries which are the British Museum, National Maritime Museum, The National Gallery and the Tate Modern as the research area for this study. a) The British Museum British Museum is one of the oldest and largest leading museums all over the world. It has a collection of more than seven million objects which originated from all continents. In addition, British Museum is a representation of almost all the culture of the world. Moreover, British Museum is known as the history of the world in a hundred objects (British Museum, 2010). The British Museum is a free entrance that attracts more or less a five thousands visitors that visits the museum during its open hours. Its visitors are ranging from children to adults, all types of gender and disabilities. Moreover, visiting this museum needs a day in order to view all the exhibits in it. b) National Maritime Museum Greenwich area is known for its unique forms of architectural design. In addition, Greenwich area has been recognized as an attraction for shopping and education which is the University of Greenwich. Furthermore, tourism in this Greenwich is developing more as the upcoming Olympics will be held in this location. Likewise, National Maritime Museum is one of the prides of this area. As a tourist destination, National Maritime Museum is composed of three main sites which are the Maritime Galleries, the Royal Observatory and the Queens House. Basically, the museum focuses on its four themes which are the sea, ships, time and the stars and the relationship with the people (National Maritime Museum, 2010). National Maritime Museum welcomes visitors in all ranges of ages and regardless of the gender with or without disability. Furthermore, it provides educational learning for the children. In addition, the visitors of this museum are usually students from different schools and or universities. Furthermore, disabled people are visiting the museum but most are mobility impaired visitors. c) National Gallery National Gallery is situated in the heart of London. Thousands of people visits National Gallery daily. It is well known for its art from the famous and renowned artist. The gallery welcomes each and every individual regardless of gender, age and disabilities. d) Tate Modern Gallery Tate Modern is a gallery of international modern art. Its collection is a British art collection from the last 1500 years till the present time (Tate Modern, 2010). 2.5 Summary This chapter bring about by discussing about the disability and the forms of disability. Moreover, it was clearly discussed in this chapter the importance of accessible tourism and which had established as the basic foundation for this study. At the latter part of this chapter, it has been discussed about the facilities being offered by the museums for the visually impaired visitors. To sum it up, the literature reviews the conditions of the accessibility of the museums for the visually impaired visitors. Consequently, it is important to recognise the particular needs of different people (age group, genders, impairment group and or disabled individuals). The following chapter will reveal the methodology of the research study along with the other relevant methodological issues.

Claire Danes Essay

To what extent do you agree with this point? I think Luhrmann’s film version of Romeo & Juliet brings Act 1 Scene 5 to life exceptionally well. His choice of setting, type of music, designs of costumes, and other film directions and language use portray the original Shakespeare version marvellously. Firstly, the scene and setting. Baz Luhrmann has chosen a brilliant location to house the party. The royal look to the Capulet mansion really shows off what life would have been for the people back in the day, especially people as rich and alike in dignity as the Capulets. It is an enormous house, suggesting that life back then for the rich was very grand, and I believe Luhrmann brings this out brilliantly. There is also a very lively, upbeat atmosphere, stating that back in the olden days, people would like to loosen up and enjoy such divine occasions, with a lot going on. The fireworks, with an array of varying colours, being set off outside of the house also states the lively, celebratory, and happy atmosphere inside, in spite of Tybalt and Romeo being in the same house. The chirpy singing by Mercutio also vindicates my point. Secondly, Baz Luhrmann’s use of music is very intricately chosen. At the very start of the party, we can clearly see Mercutio very lively and upbeat, dancing and singing along to a very apt, upbeat song, showing off the party atmosphere amongst everyone in the mansion. As we get further in into the play, we get a very slow, engaging piece of music played when Romeo and Juliet first meet (through a fish tank! ), whilst Luhrmann has decided to drain out the party atmosphere noises in the background. This slow, indulging, romantic music symbolises the first encounter of Romeo and Juliet. Luhrmann has effectively chosen this music, and this really brings out the romantic, love-at-first-sight feel to it all, and it makes us, the audience, engage into the film, and maybe even allows us to relate it to ourselves, as if we were there, within the action. The music seemed to be a bit ‘Heavenly’, where everything would be perfect between Romeo and Juliet, and it felt like love was in the air. Then, when the Nurse pulls Juliet away, the party atmosphere with people talking immediately comes back, making the audience divert the attention back onto the wider picture, but, more subtly, it makes us, as the very eager audience, want to know more about how Romeo and Juliet will pan out from there. At times, there is the slow, depressing music, when Juliet would look back at Romeo whilst being dragged away by the Nurse, and Romeo would hurry up to catch up with Juliet. On a more general note, we can all feel the anger then Tybalt finds out that Romeo is a Montague, with the more thunderous, down-to-Earth, music being played. Thirdly, another key aspect Luhrmann used to make this film so brilliant in my opinion is his choice of clothing. We can clearly get a feel of how grand the Capulets were. Lady Capulet wore a gold dress, showing how high in status she was. Capulet, likewise being so high in status, wore a plush purple robe at the formal event, showing that they were very rich and liked to flaunt what they had. Interestingly, Paris seemed to be wearing some sort of astronaut, spaceship costume. This might suggest that he was pretty smart, rich, high in status too, and quite proud of himself, as stereotypically, I see astronauts like that, as it is a very grand, albeit difficult, job to take on, and so Paris might have thought very fondly about himself. The wings on Juliet’s back might also suggest to us viewers that Juliet was the ‘angelic’, good-girl type of character, who would want everything to be right for herself. Romeo’s knight suit also caught my attention. Again stereotypically, I associate knights in shining armour as the sort of people who would always come to the rescue and save the day, and would woo people away.

Social Medi The End Of Gender - 1310 Words

Social Media: The End of Gender Maurice Brigham brighamm1966@faytechcc.edu Paper Submitted as Fulfillment of the Requirements for COM 231: Interpersonal Communication Fayetteville Technical Community College 09 May 2016 Abstract Social media has often been referred to as a social institution capable of influencing worldwide audiences through the shaping of gender norms. Gender identity is no longer decided at birth, but whenever culture and social conditions dictate. â€Å"Social media, the end of gender.† (Blakeley, 2011) For decades, traditional media has been using demographics to understand and categorize its audience, namely age demographics. Different from traditional media, social media networks pay particular†¦show more content†¦In order to determine the impact of social media on gender, we must first explore these networks. After close analysis of the evolving gender issue, we can conclude that social media networks foster a society that will bring an end to gender labels. â€Å"Often, when we think of the media, we consider the importance of the meanings of popular messages and images that are consumed by a mass audience.† (Kosut, 2012) With a third of the world currently involved in social media, it’s not surprising that it is rapidly becoming the cultural center of influence in our lives. So what are social media networks? Social media networks are technology-mediated tools for in which people exchange information in virtual communities. These communities have given birth to sites that cater to like-minded individuals of varies interests, nurturing an environment that grants access to a platform of ever expanding information. Companies use networks such as Facebook, Skype, and Twitter for marketing new products and trends. Consumers also and the sustainment of close relationships. Though social media is receiving credit for being a source of information and entertainment, it has also been highly criticized. The constant exposure to soc ial media messaging and over saturation of gender specific materials is changing the conception of self-identity. Social media has both positive and negative effects on society. Let’s discuss some of the

Biography of Martin Luther King, Jr - 745 Words

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